What is the correct angle for a proper pruning cut?

A proper pruning cut should typically be made at a 45-degree angle. This angle is effective because it allows for optimal healing of the plant after the cut is made, reducing the risk of water accumulation on the cut surface and potential disease entry. A 45-degree cut ensures that the cut surface is slightly angled away from the main stem, thereby promoting quick healing as the exposed area is minimized and encourages the growth of new buds. This technique also enhances the overall shape and health of the plant by directing growth in a favorable direction.

Using different angles, such as 30, 60, or 90 degrees, does not provide the same benefits. For instance, a 30-degree cut might leave too much surface area exposed, increasing the risk of infection, while a 90-degree cut is more severe and can lead to damage to the plant tissue, making it harder for the plant to heal effectively. Therefore, the 45-degree angle is considered the standard for proper pruning practices in horticulture and arboriculture.