What type of pruning is characterized by the removal of new growth before it elongates into stems?

Pinching is a pruning technique where new growth is removed at an early stage, specifically before it elongates into longer stems. This method is commonly used to encourage bushier growth in plants; by removing the tips of young shoots, the plant is stimulated to produce more lateral branches. This technique is effective in maintaining the shape and fullness of the plant, promoting denser foliage.

In contrast, thinning involves the selective removal of entire branches or stems to improve light penetration and air circulation within the plant. Topping is the practice of cutting back the main stems of a plant to a desired height, often leading to an undesirable regrowth pattern. Shearing refers to the uniform trimming of a plant's foliage, typically used for hedges or topiary, which does not focus on the early growth stages like pinching does. Therefore, pinching is the most appropriate technique when considering the early removal of new growth before it develops into stems.